A recent scientific study warns that many parts of India could face a rising threat from a little-known weather event called moist heatwaves. The research shows that these dangerous conditions can occur during the monsoon season and may seriously affect the health of millions.
The study, titled “Anatomy of Moist Heatwaves in India During Summer Monsoon Season,” examined over 80 years of weather data from across the country. Researchers found that India’s monsoon does more than just bring rain; it can also cause moist heatwaves in some areas.
Unlike normal heatwaves that are mainly driven by high temperatures, moist heatwaves are caused by a combination of heat and high humidity. When humidity levels are very high, sweat cannot evaporate from the skin. This prevents the human body from cooling itself effectively.
Scientists describe this condition using a measure known as wet bulb temperature. When the wet bulb temperature reaches around 31 degrees Celsius, the situation becomes extremely dangerous for humans. If it rises to 35 degrees Celsius, survival for more than a few hours becomes difficult, even for healthy adults resting in the shade.
The research was led by Akshay Deoras from the University of Reading and the National Centre for Atmospheric Science. The team says the Indian monsoon is a key factor in where and when these moist heatwaves happen.
The study found that during monsoon breaks, moist heatwaves are more likely to occur in the peninsular regions of India, including Telangana and parts of Andhra Pradesh. On the other hand, northern and northeastern regions may experience these conditions during active rainfall periods.
Researchers believe improved monsoon forecasts could help authorities predict moist heatwaves weeks in advance. Early warnings would let cities prepare by adjusting outdoor activities, boosting medical readiness, and alerting workers at highest risk.
In addition to health risks, moist heatwaves can also increase electricity demand. On extremely hot and humid days, people rely heavily on air conditioners and fans, which places extra pressure on power systems.
Scientists say that while Indians are familiar with dry summer heatwaves, moist heatwaves remain largely unknown. Raising awareness about them could help reduce the risk of heat exhaustion and potentially fatal heatstroke in the future.
